When to use it

Use it when estimating the monetary effect of a response using consistent cost and probability assumptions.

Check before calculating

Do not allow a positive average benefit to override an unacceptable downside or a binding obligation.

  1. Define the scope, status date and units before collecting the inputs.
  2. Substitute the values into the formula and retain their units.
  3. Interpret the result against the assumptions and decide what evidence or action is needed next.

Formula & inputs

Net benefit = expected loss before − expected loss after − response cost

Expected losses and response cost are positive money amounts on the same basis.

Worked example

A gateway delay has a 25% chance of costing €40,000. Spending €5,000 is estimated to reduce the chance to 10%.

0.25 × 40,000 − 0.10 × 40,000 − 5,000 = €1,000

The response improves expected cost if those assumptions hold. Assign an owner and plan for the remaining delay exposure.

Common pitfall

Assuming that paying for a response guarantees its estimated effectiveness.

Source & related material

Standard quantitative technique; this explanation is by fannarmaximus. No single inventor is claimed. The arithmetic is computed from explicit inputs, not copied from an official sample question.

GAO: Cost Estimating and Assessment Guide

Learn and apply

Explore risk: guides, calculations and sources