When to use it

Use it for the remaining funding discussion once the final-cost forecast is credible.

Check before calculating

Do not subtract costs measured on a different date or basis from the final forecast.

  1. Define the scope, status date and units before collecting the inputs.
  2. Substitute the values into the formula and retain their units.
  3. Interpret the result against the assumptions and decide what evidence or action is needed next.

Formula & inputs

ETC = EAC − AC

EAC is the current estimate at completion; AC is actual cost to the same status date.

Worked example

A delivery project has budget at completion of €900,000. At the same status date, planned value is €450,000, earned value is €360,000 and actual cost is €400,000. All values use the same scope and price basis.

€1,000,000 − €400,000 = €600,000

This is the remaining forecast cost under the continuing-efficiency assumption. A fresh bottom-up ETC can instead be used to build a new EAC.

Common pitfall

Confusing remaining budget with the expected remaining cost hides an emerging funding gap.

Source & related material

Standard quantitative technique; this explanation is by fannarmaximus. No single inventor is claimed. The arithmetic is computed from explicit inputs, not copied from an official sample question.

APM: earned-value guidance

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