The approach

Discuss distinct scenarios before calculating a weighted average. The explanation for the range is often more useful than the middle number.

  1. Define the same scope, completion condition and unit for every scenario.
  2. Elicit optimistic, most likely and pessimistic cases, stating what would make each occur.
  3. Choose a distribution assumption, calculate the mean and record the triggers for re-estimation.

Worked example

A work package has optimistic, most likely and pessimistic durations of 4, 7 and 16 days. The triangular mean is 9 days; the PERT-style mean is 8 days.

Try the inputs

Compare estimation assumptions

Inputs stay in your browser. Shared scenario links include your inputs.

Limits & next steps

A mean is not a commitment or percentile. Dependencies, shared resources and correlated uncertainty require a wider schedule analysis.

Source & further reading

This explanation and worked example are independently written. The linked publication provides context for the technique; it is not a licence to reuse its material.

Malcolm, Roseboom, Clark & Fazar (1959): PERT

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