8 minute read · Original practice exercise included
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Introduction: project management certifications and this series
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Tools and references for this lesson
Use these resources to practise and extend the topic. Further applications may go beyond the lesson transcript; source pointers lead to the original author or publisher.
Further applications (1)
- Units, periods and price bases
Check that a calculation combines quantities measured on compatible bases. · Guide
Check your understanding
Does completing this independent series establish eligibility for a certification?
Show answer and reasoning
No. Check the issuing body’s current eligibility, assessment and experience requirements. Use the series to structure learning, not as proof of accreditation.
Apply the same reasoning to your own example. State one assumption you would need to check.
Chapters
Jump to the corresponding passage in the transcript.
Study materials
Open the original practice sheet · print or save as PDF
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Key terms
The series’ own explanations. Official sources and edition pointers are below.
- ICB4
- IPMA®'s Individual Competence Baseline, version 4: the standard its certifications assess. Free to download from IPMA®.
- PMBOK® Guide
- PMI®'s guide to the project management body of knowledge, now in its eighth edition, with The Standard for Project Management.
- Examination content outline
- PMI®'s public blueprint of what the PMP® exam tests: three domains, their tasks and their weights.
- APM Body of Knowledge
- APM's reference book for project work, eighth edition. The PFQ and PMQ exams use its terms.
- Mid-level and Senior
- This series' two levels. Mid-level: you lead projects of moderate complexity. Senior: you lead complex projects and other people.
- Competence
- Being able to use knowledge, skills and abilities to get the results you want (after the ICB4's definition).
About the lesson’s level labels
Levels (this series' labels): Mid-level = moderately complex projects (IPMA Level C, PMI's PMP®); Senior = complex projects and people (IPMA Level B, APM's Chartered Project Professional).
These are the series’ teaching labels, not a declaration that the certifications are equivalent.
Read the transcript
Timed from the episode captions.
Open episode transcript
Sara: Welcome to Project Management Exam Prep.
I'm Sara.
Leo: And I'm Leo.
Sara: This series helps you prepare for the main project management certifications that
three bodies offer today. IPMA®, the International Project Management Association.
PMI®, the Project Management Institute. And APM, the Association for Project Management.
Leo: It is one combined review. Each episode takes one project management topic and shows
how all three treat it. So whichever exam you take, you learn the substance once,
and then the words and the angle of your exam.
Sara: One thing first. This series is unofficial.
It is not affiliated with, or endorsed by, IPMA®, PMI® or APM.
We use their public documents, and we cite them in every description.
Our two voices are generated with AI.
Leo: In this first episode, we explain what the three bodies offer,
what Mid-level and Senior mean, how each exam assesses you, and how to use the series.
Sara: Let us meet the three bodies. Leo, start with IPMA®.
Leo: IPMA® is a federation of national project management associations.
Its standard for individuals is the Individual Competence Baseline,
the ICB4. It describes the competences a project manager needs,
and it is free to download. IPMA® certifies competence at four levels,
which follow the complexity of the work you lead.
D is knowledge only. C is moderately complex projects, B is complex projects,
and A is very complex, strategic work. Level A is beyond this series.
National certification bodies run the certificates, so the details vary by country.
Sara: And PMI®?
Leo: PMI® publishes the PMBOK® Guide, now in its eighth edition.
Its best-known certification is the Project Management Professional,
or PMP® certification. The PMP® exam follows a public content outline with three domains:
the people you lead, the processes you run, and the business environment around
the project. PMI® also offers an entry certificate for people starting out,
the Certified Associate in Project Management, or CAPM®.
Sara: And APM?
Leo: APM is the chartered body for the project profession, based in the United Kingdom.
It publishes the APM Body of Knowledge, eighth edition.
Its two main exams are the Project Fundamentals Qualification and the Project Management
Qualification, known as the PFQ and the PMQ.
The PFQ covers the basics in a one-hour, multiple-choice exam.
The PMQ goes broader and deeper, with written answers.
Above them sits the Chartered Project Professional standard, or ChPP.
Sara: So three bodies, each with its own book or standard, and a ladder of certificates.
Leo: Yes. And the ladders do not line up one to one.
That is the next part.
Sara: The series works at two levels. What do they mean?
Leo: These two levels are this series' own labels, not an official scale.
Mid-level means you have led projects of moderate complexity,
and you apply methods on your own. Senior means you lead complex projects and other
people, and you design the approach for others.
As a rough guide, IPMA® asks for about three years of leading projects at Level C,
and five at Level B, with three of them on complex projects.
The PMP® exam asks for two to five years of leading projects, depending on your education.
Sara: Which certificates fit where?
Leo: We placed each one using the bodies' own published rules.
We looked at the experience they require, what they assess, the responsibility they
describe, and how they assess it. Senior needs complex work, shown on your own projects.
At Mid-level, that gives IPMA® Level C and the PMP® certification.
At Senior level, it gives IPMA® Level B and APM's Chartered Project Professional.
Sara: Are there gaps?
Leo: Two. By those rules, APM has no Mid-level certificate, because the PMQ has no experience
requirement. And PMI® has no certification at our Senior level,
because the PMP® certification is assessed by an exam alone.
Its Program Management Professional certification, the PgMP, is for programmes.
IPMA® Level D and the other knowledge exams sit below our two levels,
and IPMA® Level A sits above them.
Sara: So is the PMQ outside this series?
Leo: No. The PMQ is a knowledge exam, not a Mid-level one.
It tests knowledge and understanding, with long written answers,
and this series covers its whole syllabus.
The core and model parts of each episode carry what it asks, and the drills practise
written answers. For the PMQ, the Mid-level and Senior part is optional.
APM also counts the PMQ, together with validated experience, as a recognised assessment
on one route to its chartered standard.
Sara: The table is on screen now. Pause the video if you want to copy it.
Sara: How do the exams differ?
Leo: In three ways. First, knowledge exams. The CAPM®, the PFQ and IPMA® Level D test what
you know. The PMQ adds understanding, with longer written answers.
Sara: Second?
Leo: A scenario exam. The PMP® exam has one hundred and eighty questions in four hours,
built on scenarios. Its current outline also has a case-study set,
and questions where you read a chart or a diagram.
PMI®'s outline says that about forty percent of them are about predictive projects,
and the rest about agile or hybrid ones.
Sara: And third?
Leo: Competence shown on your own work. IPMA® Levels C and B start with an application:
a self-assessment, a summary of your projects, and referees.
Then comes a three-hour exam with open answers, and an interview with two assessors,
sometimes with a simulation, where you handle a realistic situation while they watch.
At Level B, the exam can be oral instead, and you add a report on your own projects.
APM's chartered standard uses a written submission and an interview on most of its
routes. APM is piloting a new assessment with a written exam in twenty twenty-six.
If the pilot succeeds, it starts in twenty twenty-seven.
Sara: What does that mean for how I prepare?
Leo: For a knowledge exam, learn the terms and the models precisely.
For a scenario exam, practise judging situations quickly, and practise the calculations.
For a competence assessment, collect examples from your own projects,
and practise explaining your reasons out loud.
Sara: Now, how does the series work?
Leo: After this introduction, there are twenty-six episodes in five parts:
foundations, people, planning and control, change, and methods and calculations.
Each part is a playlist.
Sara: And every episode follows the same pattern?
Leo: Yes, and each one takes about ten minutes.
We open with the topic. Then comes one topic, three lenses: how IPMA®,
PMI® and APM frame it, and where their words differ.
Then the core in plain words, one or two models, and a short part on what changes
between Mid-level and Senior.
Sara: And then the drill.
Leo: Every episode has one exam drill. We ask a question, you pause and write your answer,
and then we give a model answer. We add what lifts it to Senior level,
and how each exam would test the same skill.
Sara: What comes with each episode?
Leo: A model sheet for each model: a one-page PDF with the model, an example at each
level, and a row that shows where it sits in each body's material.
And a study handout with the formulas or the key rules.
The links are in the description, with every source we used.
Sara: And the study paths?
Leo: Each certification has one. For the PMP® exam, PMI® gives weights for its three domains
only, so we weight the tasks inside each domain equally.
That is our own assumption. Stakeholders come high, and so do life cycles and agile
methods, because most questions involve agile or hybrid work.
For the PMQ, the path follows its syllabus.
For IPMA®, every episode counts, and Level B candidates add the Senior parts.
For APM's chartered standard, follow the PMQ path and add the Senior parts.
The paths are in the description.
Sara: You will hear about a city in this series.
Leo: Towncity is a fictional city. It gives us short examples, and it is never the topic.
At Mid-level, the example is Parking Permits Online, an eight-month city project
that moves resident parking permits online.
Its project manager is Anna. At Senior level, it is One City Account,
a thirty-month project that brings fourteen city services under one login.
Anna leads that one too, some years later.
Sara: So the same person, at two stages of a career.
Sara: Where should a new viewer start?
Leo: Ask yourself three questions. Which exam are you taking?
Have you led projects yet? And will you be assessed on your own work?
Sara: And then?
Leo: If it is the PMP® exam or the PMQ, follow that study path in the description.
If you will be assessed on your own work, at IPMA® Level C or B or for APM's chartered
standard, start with the foundations part, and write down one example from your
own projects for each episode as you go.
Sara: And if you are just starting out?
Leo: If you have not led projects yet, watch the foundations first.
The core part of every episode covers what the knowledge exams ask.
Sara: That is the series. The first topic episode, on life cycles and delivery approaches,
opens the foundations part. See you there.
Sources & further reading
Consult the original publications and authoritative references below. For certification requirements, use the current official documents. Edition-specific page references are included only when verified.
- IPMA® (2025). IPMA® International Certification Regulations (Public), Version 4.4, for the Assessment of Individuals in Project, Program & Portfolio Management. Zurich: International Project Management Association. https://ipma.world/app/uploads/2025/11/IPMA®-ICR-2025_v_4.4_digital.pdf, via https://ipma.world/ipma-certification/ipma-international-certification-regulations/, accessed 26 September 2026.
- IPMA®. "Certified Project Manager (Level C)" (https://ipma.world/ipma-certification/4lc/certified-project-manager-level-c/), "Certified Senior Project Manager (Level B)" (https://ipma.world/ipma-certification/4lc/certified-senior-project-manager-level-b/) and "Certification Process" (https://ipma.world/ipma-certification/4lc/certification-process/). ipma.world, accessed 26 September 2026.
- IPMA® (2015). Individual Competence Baseline for Project, Programme and Portfolio Management, Version 4.0 (ICB4). Zurich: International Project Management Association. ISBN 978-94-92338-00-6 (print), 978-94-92338-01-3 (pdf). Free PDF from IPMA®: https://ipma.world/ipma-standards-development-programme/icb4/
- Project Management Institute (2025). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide), Eighth Edition, and The Standard for Project Management. Newtown Square, PA: PMI®. ISBN 9781628258295.
- Project Management Institute. "Project Management Professional (PMP®)® Certification", with PMI®'s free sample exam questions. https://www.pmi.org/certifications/project-management-pmp, accessed 26 September 2026.
- Project Management Institute (2026). Project Management Professional (PMP®)® Examination Content Outline – 2026 (July 2026 exam update). Newtown Square, PA: PMI®. PDF on pmi.org, accessed 26 September 2026.
- Project Management Institute. "Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM®)®". https://www.pmi.org/certifications/certified-associate-capm, read in the Internet Archive copy of 4 August 2026.
- Project Management Institute. "Program Management Professional (PgMP)®". https://www.pmi.org/certifications/program-management-pgmp, read in the Internet Archive copy of 10 September 2026.
- Association for Project Management (2025). APM Body of Knowledge, 8th edition. Princes Risborough: APM. ISBN 9781913305390.
- Association for Project Management. "Qualifications and training". https://www.apm.org.uk/qualifications-and-training/, accessed 27 September 2026.
- Association for Project Management (2025, version 5 of April 2026). APM Project Fundamentals Qualification: Handbook. https://www.apm.org.uk/media/kcjbezhz/apm-project-fundamentals-qualification-handbook.pdf, and the PFQ page https://www.apm.org.uk/qualifications-and-training/project-management-fundamentals/, accessed 26 September 2026.
- Association for Project Management (2024, version 6 of April 2026). APM Project Management Qualification: Handbook. https://www.apm.org.uk/media/3r4jbodr/apm-project-management-qualification-handbook.pdf, and the PMQ page https://www.apm.org.uk/qualifications-and-training/project-management-qualification/, accessed 26 September 2026.
- Association for Project Management. "Chartered Project Professional (ChPP)" and its pathway pages (Pathways 1–3). https://www.apm.org.uk/chartered-standard/, accessed 27 September 2026.
- Association for Project Management (9 December 2025). "APM announce major pilot of future ChPP assessment". https://www.apm.org.uk/news/apm-announce-major-pilot-of-future-chpp-assessment/, accessed 27 September 2026.
Original and technical references for the related tools
- NIST/SEMATECH: statistical methods
Standard mathematical statistics; the handbook is an authoritative technical reference, not a claim of sole origin.